Flemish universities revising ethical guidelines to facilitate greater involvement in military research

Although military research has never been strictly prohibited, traditionally Flemish universities have always approached it with caution. However, this is now changing in the light of increased defence spending by European governments and growing interest in military projects on the part of researchers.

VUB’s Rector Jan Danckaert told ‘De Morgen’ that "We are not naive about global developments. If research can serve the rule of law and democracy, we are prepared to step up. However, research of purely military nature will not suddenly become the norm."

The shift in attitude is partly driven by evolutions in the scope of EU research funding. The budget of the next Horizon Europe programme that will get under way in 2028 by almost doubled to almost 175 175 billion euros. For the first time in 40 years defence related research will be able to apply for Horizon Project funding.

The new guidelines vary slightly but are the same with regard to key principles. Projects funded by domestic governments are more likely to be approved, while those involving universities in countries such as Iran or Russia are excluded. A higher threshold applies to research that is at a more advanced stage of developing specific applications.

Practical concerns persist, particularly regarding openness and transparency. These core academic values may conflict with the secrecy and security measures that are required when carrying out military research.